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Big Idea

The New Studio System

The deal announced between the NFL and ESPN seems unprecedented. By taking a stake in Disney/ESPN, the NFL would enter a new era of media deals that goes beyond rights and licensing. In some ways, it is new ground, but in other ways, it’s a logical extension of where the league was headed with NFL Media (comprising the NFL Network, NFL Films, NFL Redzone, and other properties) to expand the business into large-scale production and distribution. 

Mike Florio has pointed out that there are some sticky questions to answer before the deal is finalized. But assuming the deal eventually goes through, it is likely to become a model for other leagues to aspire to. If so, there is a surprising business analogy that can be drawn to a historical business model: the Hollywood studio system of the 1930s. The parallel starts with domination by the “Big Five.” Instead of the NFL, NBA, MLB, NHL, and MLS, it was Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), Paramount Pictures, Warner Bros., 20th Century Fox, and RKO Pictures. 

The studio system ruled the US entertainment industry by vertically integrating across all aspects of the film business, from actors to distribution. The NFL deal portends a vertical integration model that is remarkably similar:

Studios

Leagues

Talent

Actors under exclusive studio contracts

Players under exclusive team contracts

Content

All aspects (screenwriting, production, editing) controlled by studio

All aspects (rules, schedule, playoff system) controlled by league

Distribution

Studios directly owned 16% of US theater chains that represented 75% of theater revenue

If the deal goes through, the NFL will also have a direct ownership interest in the distribution

Vertical integration allowed studios to decide which stars to promote, which franchises to feature most prominently, and exactly where and when their movies appeared. Their success established Hollywood as the undisputed film capital of the world and developed the first truly global movie stars. American-born Westerns and Musicals became well-known genres far beyond their birthplace.  For all practical purposes, professional sports teams should be viewed in the same light. Stars (Scarlett Johansson and Catilin Clark) and franchises (Dallas Cowboys and Marvel) work in the same way. The co-ownership with ESPN and its multiple platforms in and outside the United States allows the NFL to exert similar power to determine who, how,  and when we consume their product to an even greater degree. This could add to the NFL’s dominance in the US sports marketplace and provide leverage for its global expansion.

The caution is that the Hollywood studio system was a victim of its own success. By forcing theaters to accept unpopular films in order to get the popular ones, and other oligopolistic tactics, it raised antitrust concerns. A series of regulatory measures culminated in a forced divestiture in 1948. It’s not difficult to see similar accusations if ESPN is suspected of covering the NFL and rival sports brands in ways seen as advantageous to the NFL. For example, you can’t help but ask whether the NFL’s pending ownership position played a factor in ESPN’s recent decision to cancel Spike Lee’s documentary on Colin Kaepernick. Whether for the potential or for the pitfalls, 1930s Hollywood has some lessons for this new deal.

Facilities

One Roof, One Provider: The Future of Venues

The sports and live entertainment landscape has been reshaped by a seismic merger. Legends, a powerhouse in premium hospitality and fan experiences, has officially completed its acquisition of ASM Global, the world's largest venue management company. This landmark deal creates an unprecedented, vertically integrated giant poised to redefine the entire live event ecosystem, from stadium construction to the final encore.

A Perfect Union: Complementary Powers Combine

At its core, the merger between Legends and ASM Global is a story of perfectly interlocking pieces. The two companies, while both titans in the live events space, operated on different but highly complementary ends of the spectrum.

  • Legends' Expertise: Founded in 2008 by the New York Yankees and the Dallas Cowboys, Legends built its reputation on a "360-degree service" model focused on maximizing revenue and enhancing the fan experience within a venue. Their core competencies include premium hospitality, merchandising, sponsorship sales, project management, and data analytics.

  • ASM Global's Domain: Formed from the 2019 merger of AEG Facilities and SMG, ASM Global was the undisputed leader in the day-to-day management of over 350 arenas, stadiums, and theaters worldwide. Their strengths lie in venue operations, content booking, and ensuring the smooth, safe execution of events for millions of guests annually.

The synergy is clear: ASM Global brings the keys to the buildings, and Legends brings the comprehensive suite of services to monetize every square foot and every moment within them. As stated in a press release from Legends, the combined entity offers a "data-driven, customizable solution across all areas of venue operations and revenue generation." For venue owners, this means a single, powerful partner can now handle everything from initial feasibility studies to booking global tours and selling the merchandise at those events.

An Industry Trend Toward Consolidation

This type of vertical integration, while monumental in scale, is part of a broader trend. Companies are increasingly looking to consolidate services to create seamless, end-to-end solutions. We've seen similar moves with companies like Sodexo Live!, which integrates catering and hospitality for major events, and various mergers in the event technology space, where firms like Cvent are acquiring specialized tech to offer more unified platforms. The Legends-ASM Global deal, however, takes this concept to an entirely new level by combining the physical management of the world's largest venue portfolio with a premier service and monetization engine.

The New Model: Contractor and Contractee in One

This merger signals a fundamental shift. Previously, a stadium owner would hire separate firms for venue management, food and beverage, and sales. Now, one company can be both the manager of the venue and the primary contractor for all its revenue-generating services. This integrated approach presents both significant opportunities and potential drawbacks.

The Upside: A Seamless, Data-Driven Future

  1. Enhanced Fan Experience: A single entity controlling everything from ticketing to in-seat ordering can create a frictionless, personalized fan journey.

  2. Operational Efficiency: Integrating back-of-house systems can streamline operations, reduce errors, and optimize staffing, creating cost savings.

  3. Maximized Revenue: By controlling every touchpoint, the new Legends can leverage data for powerful cross-selling opportunities, such as offering a VIP upgrade and merchandise in a single transaction at the point of ticket purchase.

The Downside: The Risks of a Behemoth

  1. Reduced Competition: Venue owners may find themselves with fewer competitive options. If the dominant player offers an all-or-nothing package, smaller, specialized vendors could be squeezed out, potentially leading to higher prices.

  2. Potential for Complacency: With immense market power, there is a risk of a reduced incentive to innovate or provide best-in-class service in every single vertical.

  3. Integration Challenges: Merging two massive corporate cultures and technology stacks is a monumental task. If not executed flawlessly, the promised synergies could fail to materialize.

The Road Ahead

The acquisition of ASM Global by Legends is more than a business transaction; it's a bold declaration about the future of live events. It envisions a world where the fan experience is holistic, data is king, and efficiency is achieved through radical integration. As the industry watches this new titan take shape, the key will be whether it can deliver on its promise of a superior, seamless experience, or whether its sheer size will stifle the competition and innovation that has fueled the live entertainment boom. One thing is certain: the game has changed.

By The Numbers

Numbers That Jumped Off the Page

34- Despite a playoff run showcasing the league's bright young future, the NBA's national TV schedule for next season is sticking to the classics. The Los Angeles Lakers and Golden State Warriors will once again dominate the airwaves with 34 national appearances each, same as the defending champion OKC Thunder. It seems the league's current motto is "out with the old, but let's keep them on TV just in case."

$6.2 Million- A one-of-a-kind card featuring both Michael Jordan and Kobe Bryant, complete with their signatures and pieces of their game-worn jerseys, is already one of the most valuable sports cards ever sold at $6.2 million, and the auction isn't even over yet. It's a reminder that while you were trading and bending corners on the playground, some people were making a very, very savvy investment.

$7.13 Billion- The average NFL franchise is now worth $7.13 billion, with the Dallas Cowboys unsurprisingly sitting on a diamond-encrusted throne at $12.8 billion, according to Sportico. A 20% increase from last year, it seems the NFL is keeping its hold as the top dog of sports leagues in impressive fashion.

Pulse Check

Last week, we asked BTS readers, “What’s currently the biggest reason keeping you from attending your favorite team’s games?” Here’s what they thought.

Do you have a topic you want us to cover, a survey question you'd like us to ask, or any news you'd like to share? Let us know at [email protected].

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Big investors are buying this “unlisted” stock

When the founder who sold his last company to Zillow for $120M starts a new venture, people notice. That’s why the same VCs who backed Uber, Venmo, and eBay also invested in Pacaso.

Disrupting the real estate industry once again, Pacaso’s streamlined platform offers co-ownership of premier properties, revamping the $1.3T vacation home market.

And it works. By handing keys to 2,000+ happy homeowners, Pacaso has already made $110M+ in gross profits in their operating history.

Now, after 41% YoY gross profit growth last year alone, they recently reserved the Nasdaq ticker PCSO.

Paid advertisement for Pacaso’s Regulation A offering. Read the offering circular at invest.pacaso.com. Reserving a ticker symbol is not a guarantee that the company will go public. Listing on the NASDAQ is subject to approvals.

Forward to other future sports business leaders

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